Matches in Nanopublications for { ?s <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value> ?o ?g. }
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _6 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _7 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Expressing a membrane-targeted form of PKB in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes [45] and L6 muscle cells [47] circumvents the inhibition exerted by ceramide on insulin-stimulated glucose transport." provenance.
- _3 value "Expressing a membrane-targeted form of PKB in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes [45] and L6 muscle cells [47] circumvents the inhibition exerted by ceramide on insulin-stimulated glucose transport." provenance.
- _3 value "Expressing a membrane-targeted form of PKB in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes [45] and L6 muscle cells [47] circumvents the inhibition exerted by ceramide on insulin-stimulated glucose transport." provenance.
- _4 value "Insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis both by inactivating GSK3 and also by promoting the dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase.The inactivation of GSK3A and GSK3B is achieved through phosphorylation of Ser21 and Ser9, respectively" provenance.
- _5 value "Insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis both by inactivating GSK3 and also by promoting the dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase.The inactivation of GSK3A and GSK3B is achieved through phosphorylation of Ser21 and Ser9, respectively" provenance.
- _5 value "PKC is activated by insulin in a PI3K-dependent manner in rat adipocytes [29], 3T3-L1 adipocytes [30] andL6 muscle cells [31]." provenance.
- _5 value "in adipocytes and muscle cells, ceramide induces a profound inhibition in the insulin-induced stimulation of PKB" provenance.
- _5 value "Human: This gene encodes a member of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes, which reduce hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides. The encoded protein may play an antioxidant protective role in different tissues under normal conditions and during inflammatory processes. This protein interacts with peroxisome receptor 1. The crystal structure of this protein in its reduced form has been resolved to 1.5 angstrom resolution. This gene uses alternate in-frame translation initiation sites to generate mitochondrial or peroxisomal/cytoplasmic forms. Three transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene." provenance.
- _4 value "APOB is an essential component of chylomicrons, VLDLs and LDLs VLDLs and chylomicrons contain APOE and APOC, and chylomicrons also contain some APOA1 and APOA2" provenance.
- _4 value "APOB is an essential component of chylomicrons, VLDLs and LDLs VLDLs and chylomicrons contain APOE and APOC, and chylomicrons also contain some APOA1 and APOA2" provenance.
- _3 value "VLDLs contain smaller amounts of other phospholipids, i.e. phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, as well as sphingomyelin and ceramide normal amounts of sphingolipids are not required for VLDL assembly and secretion" provenance.
- _3 value "VLDLs contain smaller amounts of other phospholipids, i.e. phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, as well as sphingomyelin and ceramide normal amounts of sphingolipids are not required for VLDL assembly and secretion" provenance.
- _3 value "phosphatidylcholine is the major phospholipid on the surface monolayer of all lipoproteins including VLDLs phosphatidylcholine synthesis is required for VLDL secretion choline deficiency inhibits the secretion of only APOB variants larger than APOB28 association of APOB with neutral lipids and or VLDL secretion depend on phosphatidylcholine synthesis the mechanism by which decreased synthesis of phosphatidylcholine inhibits APOB secretion is by pre-secretory degradation" provenance.
- _3 value "secreted APOB contains multiple phosphorylated serine residues APOB phosphorylation has been suggested to occur in the Golgi apparatus in agreement with the finding that the Golgi contains kinases that phosphorylate secretory proteins APOB is synthesized constitutively and in excess of the amount secreted so that the rate of APOB synthesis does not regulate how much APOB is secreted the asssembly of APOB-containing lipoproteins requires the synthesis of APOB, triacylglycerols, cholesterol, cholesteryl esters and phospholipids when insufficient lipid is available for assembly of APOB into stable lipoprotein particles, excess APOB is not secreted but is degraded intracellularly" provenance.
- _4 value "the activity of the human promoter of Mttp is increased by cholesterol, most likely via the SREBP pathway expression of the Mttp gene is inhibited by insulin" provenance.
- _6 value "cholesterol-mediated transcriptional regulation in HMG CoA reductase parallels with HMG CoA synthase1, HMG CoA synthase2, farnesyl-PP synthase and squalene epoxidase the cholesterol-regulated genes have sterol reguatory elements, SREs, which are conditional postivite elements that are required for gene transcription in cholesterol-depleted cells SREs have been identified in the promoter regions of HMG CoA synthase, HMG CoA reductase, farnesyl-PP synthase, and squalene synthase genes Srebf1 and Srebf2 are the transcription factors that bind the SREs within the genes Srebf consists of Srebf1a, Srebf1c and Srebf2 Srebf precursor is synthesized when cholesterol levels are low and then inserted into ER membrane Srebf precursor form associates with SCAP in ER membrane, SCAP escorts Srebf into Golgi when cholesterol levels are low, presence of oxysterols suppresses Srebf and SCAP complex from entering into Golgi in Golgi Srebf precursor cleaved at site 1 by a subtilin-like protease, then cleaved at site 2 by a zinc metalloprotease, Srebf no longer associated with SCAP after these 2 cleavages Srebf is in the activated form to function as a transcription factor mature Srebf1a, Srebf1c and Srebf2 are translocated to the nucleus, binds SRE sequences within promoters of target genes, enhances their transcription" provenance.
- _5 value "From Chapter 9: p53 and Apoptosis: Master Guardian and Executioner " provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _4 value "TGFbeta inhibits in vitro endothelial migration while VEGF and bFGF enhance repair" provenance.
- _5 value "kininogens; Endogenous peptides present in most body fluids. Certain enzymes convert them to active kinins which are involved in inflammation, blood clotting, complement reactions, etc. Kininogens belong to the cystatin superfamily. They are cysteine proteinase inhibitors. High-molecular-weight kininogen (hmwk) is split by plasma kallikrein to produce bradykinin. Low-molecular-weight kininogen (lmwk) is split by tissue kallikrein to produce kallidin. kinins; Inflammatory mediators that cause dilation of blood vessels and altered vascular permeability. Kinins are small peptides produced from kininogen by kallikrein and are broken down by kininases. Act on phospholipase and increase arachidonic acid release and thus prostaglandin (PGE2) production. bradykinin; Vasoactive nonapeptide (RPPGFSPFR) formed by action of proteases on kininogens. Very similar to kallidin (which has the same sequence but with an additional N terminal lysine). Bradykinin is a very potent vasodilator and increases permeability of post capillary venules, it acts on endothelial cells to activate phospholipase A2. It is also spasmogenic for some smooth muscle and will cause pain. kallidin; Decapeptide (lysyl bradykinin, amino acid sequence KRPPGFSPFR) produced in kidney. Like bradykinin, an inflammatory mediator (a kinin), causes dilation of renal blood vessels and increased water excretion." provenance.
- _5 value "kininogens; Endogenous peptides present in most body fluids. Certain enzymes convert them to active kinins which are involved in inflammation, blood clotting, complement reactions, etc. Kininogens belong to the cystatin superfamily. They are cysteine proteinase inhibitors. High-molecular-weight kininogen (hmwk) is split by plasma kallikrein to produce bradykinin. Low-molecular-weight kininogen (lmwk) is split by tissue kallikrein to produce kallidin. kinins; Inflammatory mediators that cause dilation of blood vessels and altered vascular permeability. Kinins are small peptides produced from kininogen by kallikrein and are broken down by kininases. Act on phospholipase and increase arachidonic acid release and thus prostaglandin (PGE2) production. bradykinin; Vasoactive nonapeptide (RPPGFSPFR) formed by action of proteases on kininogens. Very similar to kallidin (which has the same sequence but with an additional N terminal lysine). Bradykinin is a very potent vasodilator and increases permeability of post capillary venules, it acts on endothelial cells to activate phospholipase A2. It is also spasmogenic for some smooth muscle and will cause pain. kallidin; Decapeptide (lysyl bradykinin, amino acid sequence KRPPGFSPFR) produced in kidney. Like bradykinin, an inflammatory mediator (a kinin), causes dilation of renal blood vessels and increased water excretion." provenance.
- _5 value "Entrez Gene summary: Rat: SUMMARY: plays a role in electron transport [RGD] % ... Human: Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase is a flavoprotein that donates electrons to all microsomal P450 enzymes, including the steroidogenic enzymes P450c17 (CYP17A1; MIM 202110), P450c21 (CYP21A2; MIM 201910), and CYP51A1 (MIM 601637) (Miller, 1986).[supplied by OMIM] % OMIM summary: Human: Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase is a flavoprotein that donates electrons to all microsomal P450 enzymes, including the steroidogenic enzymes P450c17 (CYP17A1; {202110}), P450c21 (CYP21A2; {201910}), and CYP51A1 ({601637}) ({6:Miller, 1986})." provenance.
- _4 value "putative transcription regulating factor; upregulated by FSH in Sertoli cells" provenance.
- _4 value "Entrez Gene GeneRifs summary: Human: Myosin, a structural component of muscle, consists of two heavy chains and four light chains. The protein encoded by this gene is a myosin light chain that may regulate muscle contraction by modulating the ATPase activity of myosin heads. The encoded protein binds calcium and is activated by myosin light chain kinase. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene." provenance.
- _5 value "A pure oestrogen receptor antagonist, ICI182780 11, was subsequently discovered and is now in late-stage clinical trial. 4.3 LHRH agonists Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists form a third class of hormonal therapy for breast cancer, albeit only in pre-menopausal women. This limitation arises from their inhibitory effect on luteinizing hormone (LH) release from the pituitary (see Fig. 4) and consequent suppression of ovarian stimulation for oestrogen production. Whilst there are LHRH antagonists in clinical study, the ability of the agonists to mimic successfully the natural inhibitory feedback effect of oestrogen at the pituitary by inducing LHRH receptor downregulation provides a rare superiority over direct blockade. The agonists are all close analogues of LHRH 15, but their potency has had to be even greater than that of the natural decapeptide hormone itself to achieve the downregulating effect.15" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "insulinemia" provenance.
- _6 value "Entrez Gene GeneRifs summary: Rat: SUMMARY: focal adhesion protein/steroid receptor co-activator; binds to hsp27 and inhibits the ability of hsp27 to provide protection against heat shock [RGD]" provenance.
- _4 value "% Entrez Gene summary: Human: The protein encoded by this gene was identified as a binding protein of the protein kinase C, delta (PRKCD). The expression of this gene in cultured cell lines is strongly induced by serum starvation. The expression of this protein was found to be down-regulated in various cancer cell lines, suggesting the possible tumor suppressor function of this protein." provenance.
- _4 value "Identification of Genes Associated with Increased Bone Marrow Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma" provenance.
- _4 value "Identification of Genes Associated with Increased Bone Marrow Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma" provenance.
- _4 value "Identification of Genes Associated with Increased Bone Marrow Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma" provenance.
- _4 value "OMIM summary: Human: The FAS antigen (TNFRSF6; {134637}), whose expression is induced by lymphocyte activation, is a potent trigger of lymphocyte apoptosis. FAST is a serine/threonine kinase that is activated during FAS-mediated apoptosis." provenance.
- _4 value "The encoded protein binds to and prevents the activation of cyclin E-CDK2 or cyclin D-CDK4 complexes, and thus controls the cell cycle progression at G1." provenance.
- _5 value "The encoded protein binds to and prevents the activation of cyclin E-CDK2 or cyclin D-CDK4 complexes, and thus controls the cell cycle progression at G1." provenance.
- _5 value "OMIM summary: Human: Mammalian P2X receptors, such as P2RX5, belong to a multigene family of nonselective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. Pubmed titles from omim summary: (summary is not available from this source) Entrez Gene GeneRifs summary: Human: The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. This receptor functions as a ligand-gated ion channel. Several characteristic motifs of ATP-gated channels are present in its primary structure, but, unlike other members of the purinoceptors family, this receptor has only a single transmembrane domain. Three transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. ... Rat: SUMMARY: an ATP-gated ion channel [RGD] Pubmed titles from gene summary: (summary is not available from this source) Jubilant PathArt summary: (summary is not available from this source) Ariadne Resnet summary: (summary is not available from this source)" provenance.
- _6 value "Binding of TGF induces phosphorylation and activation of the TGF-beta R1 receptor by the TGF-beta R2 receptor." provenance.
- _6 value "The activated TGF-beta R1 phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3, which bind to the SMAD4 mediator to move into the nucleus and form complexes that regulate transcription." provenance.
- _6 value "The activated TGF-beta R1 phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3, which bind to the SMAD4 mediator to move into the nucleus and form complexes that regulate transcription." provenance.
- _6 value "The activated TGF-beta R1 phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3, which bind to the SMAD4 mediator to move into the nucleus and form complexes that regulate transcription." provenance.
- _7 value "The activated TGF-beta R1 phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3, which bind to the SMAD4 mediator to move into the nucleus and form complexes that regulate transcription." provenance.
- _9 value "The activated TGF-beta R1 phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3, which bind to the SMAD4 mediator to move into the nucleus and form complexes that regulate transcription." provenance.
- _9 value "The activated TGF-beta R1 phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3, which bind to the SMAD4 mediator to move into the nucleus and form complexes that regulate transcription." provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _6 value "Hypoxanthine + H2O + O2 => Xanthine + H2O2. At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Oxygen', 1 molecule of 'H2O', and 1 molecule of 'Hypoxanthine' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Xanthine', and 1 molecule of 'H2O2' are present.<br><br> This reaction takes place in the 'cytosol' and is mediated by the 'xanthine oxidase activity' of 'Xanthine oxidase homodimer-(FAD-Mo-[2Fe-2S]) complex'.<br>" provenance.
- _6 value "This gene encodes a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. This kinase functions as a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase)- activated protein kinase. MAP kinases are also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals. This kinase was shown to be activated by growth inducers and stress stimulation of cells. In vitro studies demonstrated that ERK, p38 MAP kinase and Jun N-terminal kinase were all able to phosphorylate and activate this kinase, which suggested the role of this kinase as an integrative element of signaling in both mitogen and stress responses. This kinase was reported to interact with, phosphorylate and repress the activity of E47, which is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor known to be involved in the regulation of tissue-specific gene expression and cell differentiation." provenance.
- _5 value "endothelin receptor antagonist causes vascular injury in dog" provenance.
- _5 value "endothelin receptor antagonist causes vascular injury in dog" provenance.
- _5 value "dapper homolog 2, antagonist of beta-catenin" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _6 value "expression of the normal form of BRCA1 suppresses the transactivational activity of the ER" provenance.
- _3 value "paclitaxel and docetaxel are taxanes useing to treat metastatic breast cancer" provenance.
- _4 value "# Ariadne: A P0 lacking 87 amino acids allows cell growth at a low rate, and ribosomes bind P proteins with much less affinity. [Regulation]" provenance.
- _3 value "# Ariadne: Moreover, in human cells, expression of the ribosomal P0 protein is induced by functional alkylating agents that cause DNA damage ( 26 ). [Regulation]" provenance.
- _4 value "Entrez Gene summary: Rat: SUMMARY: acts as an inhibitor of metalloprotease activity; may play a role in vascular tissue remodeling [RGD] ... Human: This gene belongs to the TIMP gene family. The proteins encoded by this gene family are natural inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of peptidases involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix. In addition to its inhibitory role against most of the known MMPs, the encoded protein is able to promote cell proliferation in a wide range of cell types, and may also have an anti-apoptotic function. Transcription of this gene is highly inducible in response to many cytokines and hormones. In addition, the expression from some but not all inactive X chromosomes suggests that this gene inactivation is polymorphic in human females . This gene is located within intron 6 of the synapsin I gene and is transcribed in the opposite direction." provenance.
- _5 value "ROCK1 is a protein serine/threonine kinase that is activated when bound to the GTP-bound form of Rho. The small GTPase Rho regulates formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers of fibroblasts, as well as adhesion and aggregation of platelets and lymphocytes by shuttling between the inactive GDP-bound form and the active GTP-bound form. Rho is also essential in cytokinesis and plays a role in transcriptional activation by serum response factor. ROCK, a downstream effector of Rho, phosphorylates and activates LIM kinase, which in turn, phosphorylates cofilin, inhibiting its actin-depolymerizing activity." provenance.
- _5 value "ROCK1 is a protein serine/threonine kinase that is activated when bound to the GTP-bound form of Rho. The small GTPase Rho regulates formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers of fibroblasts, as well as adhesion and aggregation of platelets and lymphocytes by shuttling between the inactive GDP-bound form and the active GTP-bound form. Rho is also essential in cytokinesis and plays a role in transcriptional activation by serum response factor. ROCK, a downstream effector of Rho, phosphorylates and activates LIM kinase, which in turn, phosphorylates cofilin, inhibiting its actin-depolymerizing activity." provenance.
- _5 value "% Entrez Gene summary: Human: The protein encoded by this gene is a cytosolic regulatory component of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH-oxidase, a multicomponent enzyme system important for host defense. This protein is preferentially expressed in cells of myeloid lineage. It interacts primarily with neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NCF2/p67-phox) to form a complex with neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1/p47-phox), which further interacts with the small G protein RAC1 and translocates to the membrane upon cell stimulation. This complex then activates flavocytochrome b, the membrane-integrated catalytic core of the enzyme system. The PX domain of this protein can bind phospholipid products of the PI(3) kinase, which suggests its role in PI(3) kinase-mediated signaling events. The phosphorylation of this protein was found to negatively regulate the enzyme activity. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed." provenance.
- _4 value "Okadaic acid, often used as a potent and specific inhibitor of PP2A, can also inhibit PP1 and calcineurin at higher concentrations" provenance.
- _3 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _4 value "Not Available" provenance.
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- _5 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _4 value "Not Available" provenance.
- _5 value "Other novel E2F-regulated genes, identified using the DNA microarray analysis, are involved in mitosis and DNA repair. The identification of mitotic genes, including the kinases Bub1b and cdc2, as E2F-regulated genes indicates that E2F affects cell cycle progression both at the S-phase and during mitosis. The molecular mechanism(s) of E2F-dependent regulation of mitotic genes is currently being studied. The identification of DNA repair genes, including MSH2, MSH6 and BRCA1, as E2F-regulated genes raises the possibility that E2F plays a role in the response to DNA damage. This notion is supported by recent reports demonstrating that various DNA damaging agents induce an increase in E2F-1 protein level." provenance.
- _5 value "The effect of Ras on up-regulation of E2F-1 mRNA is at the level of mRNA stability and the induced E2F-1 is transcriptional active." provenance.
- _4 value "focal adhesion protein/steroid receptor co-activator; binds to hsp27 and inhibits the ability of hsp27 to provide protection against heat shock" provenance.
- _5 value "Entrez Gene Summary Human: This gene encodes a member of the paraoxonase gene family, which includes three known members located adjacent to each other on the long arm of chromosome 7. The encoded protein is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues, membrane-bound, and may act as a cellular antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative stress. Hydrolytic activity against acylhomoserine lactones, important bacterial quorum-sensing mediators, suggests the encoded protein may also play a role in defense responses to pathogenic bacteria. Mutations in this gene may be associated with vascular disease and a number of quantitative phenotypes related to diabetes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described." provenance.
- _8 value "In human coronary artery vascular smooth muscle cells, UPA stimulates cell migration via a UPA receptor (UPAR, or PLAUR; 173391) signaling complex containing TYK2 (176941) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K; see 601232). Kiian et al. (2003) showed that association of TYK2 and PI3K with active GTP-bound forms of both RHOA (ARHA; 165390) and RAC1 (602048), but not CDC42 (116952), as well as phosphorylation of myosin light chain (see 160781), are downstream events required for UPA/UPAR-directed migration." provenance.
- _5 value "Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer and biochemical analysis, Sitrin et al. (2001) demonstrated that PLAUR is directly associated with the carbohydrate-binding domain of SELL (153240) in the membrane of neutrophils, an association analogous to that between PLAUR and beta-2 integrins (see 600065). Spectrofluorometric analysis indicated that PLAUR-mediated calcium mobilization is SELL dependent." provenance.
- _5 value "Entrez Gene summary: Rat: SUMMARY: enzyme involved in the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines [RGD] % ... Human: This gene encodes monoamine oxidase A, an enzyme that degrades amine neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. The protein localizes to the mitochondrial outer membrane. The gene is adjacent to a related gene on the opposite strand of chromosome X. Mutation in this gene results in monoamine oxidase deficiency, or Brunner syndrome. OMIM summary: (summary is not available from this source)" provenance.
- _5 value "secreted proteins This cytokine displays chemotactic activity for monocytes but not for lymphocytes, dendritic cells, neutrophils or macrophages. It has been implicated that this cytokine is involved in the homeostasis of monocyte-derived macrophages rather than in inflammation." provenance.
- _8 value "EP2=PTGER2 EP4=PTGER4" provenance.
- _6 value "In this paper, we present a comprehensive pathway map of EGFR signaling and other related pathways." provenance.
- _6 value "In this paper, we present a comprehensive pathway map of EGFR signaling and other related pathways." provenance.
- _4 value "In this paper, we present a comprehensive pathway map of EGFR signaling and other related pathways." provenance.
- _6 value "In this paper, we present a comprehensive pathway map of EGFR signaling and other related pathways." provenance.
- _10 value "In this paper, we present a comprehensive pathway map of EGFR signaling and other related pathways." provenance.
- _8 value "In this paper, we present a comprehensive pathway map of EGFR signaling and other related pathways." provenance.