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- _2 value "Indeed, each of these select proteins is indispensable in mediating skeletal muscle growth and, whereas proposing the up-regulation of distinct proteins as potential markers of hypertrophy is tempting, a coordinated response from multiple signal transduction pathways is essential to the overall process. Integration of signalling by insulin, amino acids and resistance exercise A thorough review of amino acids and insulin and their contribution to regulating skeletal muscle protein synthesis is beyond the scope of the present paper. Thus, the intent of the present brief overview will be to focus exclusively on the impact of amino acids or insulin on protein synthesis in the context of resistance exercise. Without question, investigating the singular role of amino acids or insulin in promoting changes in skeletal muscle protein synthesis with resistance exercise is crucial to elucidating mechanisms regulating muscle hypertrophy. However, in a physiological state the concept is essentially irrelevant, as insulin and amino acids do not function in isolation because both participate to optimize the anabolic response in skeletal muscle. Nonetheless, key findings in both areas will be briefly highlighted to emphasize their contribution with resistance exercise. Although insulin concentrations remain relatively unchanged in the recovery period following resistance exercise (Kraemer et al. 1998; Biolo et al. 1999; Hernandez et al. 2000), a permissive amount of insulin is required to mediate increases in skeletal-muscle protein synthesis." provenance.
- _2 wasQuotedFrom 15294054 provenance.