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- _4 value " CO had no known physiological function until Marks and coworkers proposed that CO may play a role similar to nitric oxide (NO) in signal transduction (Marks et al., 1991). During the last decade, NO research has taken a prominent position into the pathogenesis of virtually all diseases. NO signaling prevents hypertension, ameliorates inflammation, and functions as an important messenger molecule (Ignarro, 1996). However, NO has not been able to fulfill the high expectations (Lane, 1998). The efficacy is hampered by the fact that NO is a reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Under oxidative conditions, NO reacts with other ROS resulting in the formation of the highly reactive ONOO- (peroxynitrite) (Wolin et al., 1998). Peroxynitrite does not prevent or ameliorate disease states like NO but, in contrast, exacerbates oxidative and inflammatory stress. CO, in contrast to NO, does not contain free electrons and is therefore relatively inert. Moreover, this simple molecule shares the ability of NO to activate the heme protein guanylyl cyclase by binding to its active site, the heme molecule, resulting in enhanced conversion of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine 3,5-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) and subsequently vasodilation" provenance.
- _4 wasQuotedFrom 12869663 provenance.