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- _3 value "Leptin is in practice a pleiotropic hormone, its functions extending far wider than appetite and energy balance to encompass a multiplicity of actions, including as a signal in reproduction and immunity (Harris 2000, Trayhurn & Beattie 2001). Although WAT is the main source of the hormone, there being a close correlation between body fat and the circulating leptin level (Considine et al. 1996, Ostlund et al. 1996), several other sites of synthesis have been identified. These include the placenta, stomach, bone (osteoblasts), mammary epithelium and cells of the hair follicles (Harris 2000, Rayner & Trayhurn 2001, Trayhurn & Beattie 2001). In each of these cases the target is likely to be local - a paracrine, rather than endocrine, action. Much recent attention has focused on adiponectin, which appears to be produced exclusively by adipocytes; indeed, it is an abundant transcript in fat cells (Scherer et al. 1995, Maeda et al. 1996). This factor was discovered independently by several groups and consequently has been accorded different names, the most commonly used after adiponectin being acrp30 (Scherer et al. 1995, Maeda et al. 1996). In contrast to most adipokines, and leptin in particular, the expression and circulating levels of adiponectin fall in obesity (Arita et al. 1999, Hotta et al. 2000)." provenance.
- _3 wasQuotedFrom 16026420 provenance.