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- _3 value "Insulin can also influence glucose metabolism indirectly by changes in free fatty acids generated from visceral fat, the so called 'single gateway' hypothesis64. Because visceral fat is less sensitive to insulin than subcutaneous fat, even after a meal there is little suppression of lipolysis by the hormone in this fat depot. The resulting direct flux of fatty acids derived from these fat cells through the portal vein to the liver can stimulate glucose production, thus providing a signal for both insulin action and insulin resistance in the liver It [insulin] inhibits the transcription of the gene encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, the rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis66. The hormone also decreases transcription of the genes encoding fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and glucose-6- phosphatase, and increases transcription of glycolytic enzymes such as glucokinase and pyruvate kinase, and lipogenic enzymes such as fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase." provenance.
- _3 wasQuotedFrom 11742412 provenance.